Scientists discovered a link between the presence of two mutant proteins IDH1 and IDH2 and cancer. Researchers demonstrated that the expression of mutant IDH in the adult liver of genetically engineered mice impairs liver cell development and liver regeneration – a process in which the liver responds to injury – and increases the number of cells to form a tumor. Moreover, mutant IDH were found to work with activated KRAS, a gene essential in cancer development, causing the development of premalignant lesions and a progression to metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA).
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